Internal-combustion engine.



PTENTED APR. 18, 1905.

. WILLMER.

MBUSTQN ENGNR NTERNAL APPLIOATION FILED MAY 3. 1904.

lill/enfer Patented April 13, 19415.

gm #fir-"T, *il* if JMTED i ATi-LS ,m im ARNOLD mulini @F ENDE@ NEAR HANGVER, GEMMNY.

To mi! wmm. t may @auer-iis E@ ii; known aa i ARNm-D Wimmm sui ject of the King f J many, whose post-omc@ address is N0, 9 Maik@ Mai-Linden ma? Hanover, msSia, Empire, have invanefi a new and provemeni, in internal-Combustion Engines,

owing is a speciiication.

of which, the foii relates to internzi-combus- Erf-.4..

iiis invention IO tion ngine having i@ two-smoke 'cycie in which the pimiucts of combustion driven out-0F the cyiinder by En@ entering charge u? mii-wd gas. in order to iure ignitan of the fresh mixture by the stili I5 hoi; products of am mation remaining imiiimi, ii` is necessary to intioduce f; certain quantity of an inaii'erent sucia as ai?, beween me 'remnaus of the podues si combustion and fahe entering frsii charge, The charging is zo eiecteii in sach way hat {iist'of aiia' nei'- A tain quan'iy Gf air, which serves as u rinsi gaa is inmndud and Ehen the combustibis mixue if and in order t@ biig the el'iicisncy oi' internal-combusti@ engines 255. having s, muys-irak@ cycie up to that of @ik gins having' a four-stroke cyci, Vit is o?- the 'greatest import-anca that the Work done in sappi-ying the new charge be as smali as pos` sibie. I

The present invention relates to an au'rnga mom, si Jumps 'foatie charging of the cyin der ni' an interna-c0mi ustion :angine having' @im cya-i0, this; arrangement gnam tveing Hm emixinyment of a minimum :www tim' of ringing gw; 01' aia, which remains practicaiiy the sama in amount fer ail iadfiaiaiishowing wiii iiecy'easing'ioads a coai'aspomiingivsmaiim indicated consumption of work, not only me far :is the gas-pump is concerned, 1.0 'mit ais@ in the casu of the air-pump 02' pump for th@ iminggas. Accovding to iie misent invenisien im @rmi-comimionanggne i'azwing in, twowfmi Ac ce is px'fzvicied with a, comprefsion-pxmzp for suppiying rinsing-gas a0 the angine-egli* nd'i' and with a compressimrgmixp fos riying combustibi@ sga to said cfxiindm', fue hitter pump being; :ix-ammi in the course o? each cycle to begin io supply eszzfibusipibi ga; lawfizm the fox-mei* pump' begins@ Suppy russia, Emperor of Gar- I l fami means being movidei fea siuwimeicz pi'event the prenmwww?, ated pril 994:- Serial o. ZSJGQ.

l riisingga in eine: mma. .aw'wumusmlie be {MECS-.fied by a rinsing charge, con" neclling-iiipes being @ifrangd isiwffen Said cGmpression-pimws tive. @ginie-2 Trade? iig' simui'xirmousiy ,causing :a delay, czmspnmiink, iso She decrease o ile load, oi' ne commencazhe mpmssion peri said compresion-pumps in orde? that ai, iii i'oads'; giproximaeiy the Sama rinsing" cmge may be supplied to ih@ cylinder helios@ Lf-ii@ eemhustibi@ charge.

in the mcompimyingi xiv-ats (me @mbodimen of tima, by waff example, ami the @LQ/Sim@ 'ai the Same, Figline is i; seciomii pian :2, ciubecizing 'aiiwpump :1mi (Madam-aiming mmmfmi in tandem. Fig. is an indicia-tor iagiam italien imm -he iigwmi eyiiriea', the angine being 'wunder uii iam?.

whim iii-us fiicted :and

'ds of mib Gf,

rigidly eoni'ieeted together hollow rods 1?) l?) and the junctiowpicce 1l, with which the rod l5 is connected for driving' the valves .l il, drawings, the valves 9 l) are return-valves 11 l1 are litted. These, latter valves are also in the form ot' hollow cylinders. the valves of the two cylinders 1 2 heing rigidly connected by the rod 16, which extends through the hollow rods 1B 13 and which is provided with a cross-arm 17, secured to the rod 18, suliaported in hearings 19 19. The rod 18 serves for the operation ot' the valves 11 11.V The rod 16 is alsoprovided with the lever 20, keyed to the rod by means of the feather 21.- 'lhe rod 16 can, however, slide longitudinally within the boss of 'the lever. In eaclrpump 22 Q2 are delivery` ports passing,` through the liners 23 ot the valve-chests 21. Said ports are controlled by the non-return delivery-'valves 25 Q5, situated at the openings ol the ports 22 into the, de livery-chambers Q6 26, Jfrom which the gaspressure pipes .27 2T and the air-pressure pipes .28 Z8 `lead to the, junctions 29 30. The gas and air are admitted through the openings 3.1 32, respectively. Thevalve-s 9 9 are constructed ior full charging. .lfhe returnvalres 11 11 nevertheless after thev valves f) 9 have cut oli' the communication between the inlet-ports and the valve-ehests when the pistons are at the dead-point accordingr to their position allow during the prossore-stroke a return oi' the gases drawn in. On account oi the oblique ports in the valves 11 11, il the valves be turned, an earlier or later cutting' oilVI of the return-current is brought about in a manner similar to the method used in the well-known Rider v altre-gear. ln the position ci' the istons 8 al shown in the drawings, which is approximately that occupied at the center of the stroke, and with the direction of motion being toward the lett, the pistons are tending to compress the ras o air at the left hand side and are drawing incas or air at the right. The main slide-valves 3 J have, conse quently, on the left hand lett 'tree the connections with the delivery-cllambers and on the right hand the coni'ieetions with the supplyopenings. The right-hand return-valve 11 olf the gas-pump has, however, not cut oli' the return-c urrent. Consequently the ras d ri ven forward by the piston can pass hack into the supply-spaceof the valve-chest, and the nonreturn delivery-valves 25 25, which can open into the delivory-chamber "2G, remain closed, and consequently prevent the gas previously supplied to the pressure-pipe: from l'lowing' i haelt. lfhe left-hand return-valve 11 ot' the airpnmp has just closed. (.)onsequently the air compressed hy the piston is driven past the non-return (,leliveryvalves into the pressnre-pipel 'lhe air-pump consequently supplies air; but the non return deliveryhy means of the As can be seen from the 1n the iorm ot' hollow cylindrical valves, within which the 1l pump do notopen, and is not supplied to @the ciirrespomlingr pressure-pipe until the l l i i l l l l return 'alve 11 has out oil' the return-current, after which air and gas are simultaneously supplied to the engine-cylinder. The turning or rotation ol the return-valves 11 11 is ei`- Ateeted by means or" the engine-governor,

which aetuates the lever 20. A motion of the end of the lever upward out 'of the plane of the paper would eliect a later cut eti' of the re turn -currents, and consequently involve a shorter time during which gas or air is supplied, which must occur on the engine becoming less heavily loaded. I

Referring to Figs. Q and 8, it will be seen that at full load the gas-pu m p does not begin to compress gas at the deadpoint, but at the point y, Fig. 3, after a certain portion or' the stroke has heen passed over by the piston. During this time the air-pump alone Works eii'ectively and the air supplied forms the necessary rins* ing-air. d c, Fig. 2, represent thesuctionline; c l, the compression-line up to the pressure in the pressure-pipe- At In supply comi meuces and lasts till a. it f/, Fig. 3, represent the suction-line. While the line i f/ is traversed a part of Athe gas drawn in is driven back into the suppl y-spaces. lhen compression begins, and atj" the gas-pump commences to supply gas. corresp mding to the interval between I) andf air alone is supplied, which corresponds with the quantity oil 'the necessary rinsingair. Yietween j" and a orf and u both pistons deliver simultaneously and produce the mixture ot' rras and air. YVhen the combustion-engine is less heavily loaded, the governor so ad- ,iusts the valvefgear oi' the gas-pump that the supply becomes smaller in corresporulence with the smaller consumption of gas, so that, conserpiently, the gaspunip begins to supply still later than was stated above for Referring to Fig. 5, which shows a gaspump diagram Jfor a light load, the delivery of gas iirst commences atf'. The valve-gear ot' the gaspump is, however, connected with that ot' the air-pump in such a way that the air-pump also begins to deliver air later at a certain part of the stroke, asis evident Jfrom Fig'. 4. lt can be readily seen that the indicated work is reduced bfjvifthe piece e' f"3 o and is considerably less'` than when the air pump is not also governed andwlien, conscquently, the same quantity is always supplied, an unnecessarily large'qua'ntity oi' rinsing-air thereby passing through the machine. Consequently accordingl to this invention air is suppliedonly during' the portion of the pistonstroke correspondingto the distance between /f' and j", whereas otherwise it would be supplied during` the portion corresponding to the distance between L and f', It will thus be observed that the present invention provides mea ns for automatically producing', as the load full load.-

IIO

.the load,oi the commencement of decreases, during the initial Sure-stroke of the pump supplying the r ing-gas, a return of the rinsinggas thror the inlet port or ports of, said pump means forprolonging the initial period oi' the pressure-stroke of the pump supplying the combustible gas during which the combustible gas returns through the inlet port or ports of the pump in order that at all loads approximately the same rinsing charge may be supplied to the cylinder before the combustible charg p It is of course to be understood that tbe scope of the present invention is not restricted to the particular embodiment illustrated in the drawings, but that the scope is as indicated by the claims.

1. In an internal-combustion engine having a two-stroke cycle. the combination of a cylinder; a piston working therein; a compression-pump for supplying rinsing-gas to said cylinder; a compression-pump for supplying combustible gas to said cylinder. the latter pump beinrndapted in the course of each cycle to begin to supply combustible gas later than the former puro p begins to supply tbe rinsinggas, in order that the combustible gas may be preceded by a rinsing charge; connectingpipes between said compression-pumps and theI cylinder ofthe combustion-engine; and means for automatically simultaneously capsinga delay, corresponding to the decrease of the cour pression periods of both of said compr'essidn-- pumps in order that at all loads approximately the same rinsingr charge maybe supplied ato the cylinder before the combustible charge, essentially as and forvthe purpose stated."

2. Inan internal-combustion engine having a two-stroke cycle, the combination of a cyl inder; a pistonworking therein; a compression-'pump for supplying rinsing-gas `to said cylinder, said pump havinga pump-cylindere a piston working' therein, one or more inletports, an inlet-valve controlling the latter,-

one or more dclh'eif-ports, andl one or morev delivery-valves controlling thelatter; a conipression-pump for supplyingcombustible gas tothe cylinder oi' the combustion-engine, said pump having a puin p-cyiinder, a piston working therein, one or more inlet-ports, an inletvalve controlling the latter, one or more delivery-ports, and one or more delivery-.valves controlling the latter, the inlet-valve of the latter pump being' arranged at the beginning.;1 of the pressure-stroke, while the engine is under full load to allow a portion of the cornbustible gas to return through the inlet port or ports while the former pump is supplying rinsing-gas to the cylinder of the combustionengine; connecting-pipes between said iconv.

pression-pumps and the cylinder of the com bustion-engme; and means for automatically ,simultaneously causing a delay, correspondpericd of thepresf lends approximately the saine rinsing charge V may' be supplied to the cylinder before tbe combustible charge, essentially as and for the purpose stated.

3. lin an intcrnabconibnstion engine having' a two-stroke cycle, the combination oi s cylinder.; a'piston working therein; a compresi sion-pump for' supplying; rinsing-gas to said cylinder; a compression-pump for supplying combustible gas to said cylinder, each of seid pumpshavinga pump-cylinder, piston working thereirnone or more inlet-ports, an inletvalve controlling the latter, one or more deliveigwports, and 4one or more delivery-Valves controlling` the latter, and the inlet-'valve the pump i'or supplyii'ig' the combustible gras being so arranged at the beginning` of the pressure-stroke, while the engine is under 'full load, as to allow a portion oi' the combustible gas to return through the inlet port or ports, while the pump for supplying the rinsing-gas is supplying rinsinggas to the cylinder ol" the 4. in an irlterrial-ecuibustion engine having @two-stroke cycle, the combination of a cylinder; a piston working therein; a compresn sion-pump for, supplying rinsing-gas to said cylinder; a compre sion-pump for supplyi b combustible to said cylinder, each oficio. pumps baring a pump-cylinder, piston worning tiiercin, one or more inlet-portsE a'niein inlet-valve containingl return-ports, a supplementary return-valve coopera ting with said main inlet-Valve to control said return-ports, one ormorc delivery-ports, and one or more delivery-Valvescontrollinu' the latter', and the inlet-Valve of the: pump for supplying the cour bustible gas being so arranged at the beginning ot' the pressures* elle, while the engine is under fullload, as to allow a portion of tbe combnsible'gas to returnltliroiigh the inle port or ports, while the pump for supplying the rinsing-gas is supplying rinsinf-gas to the cylinder of the engine; and me; is for auto matically adjusting, as the loaddecreases, the.

supplementary return-'valves in suoli a Way that during the initial period ot the pressureu stroke ci the pump supplying` the rinsing-gas, a return of the rinsing-gas through the inlet {n'essnre-Strolre suppl leil to the cylinder lielore the combusti ble i charge, eseeuljinlly as find lor the purpose started.

in an intern:il-eonilnistion engine lievi ng' n two-Stroke cycle the eornlaii'mtiou ot n erlinller; e pieton working therein; n eompreesiorvpunp for Supplying rineinpegne to euicl cylinder; u eon'ipreesioirpump for Supplying eomhuSt-ilile to Suhl cylinder, eneh ol' seid 'pumpe` linking 1L puinp-evliinler, n, piston worliing' therein,I one or more inlet-iirii'te, n innininletvsliilewlilre eontziiniug ranged ohliquely to the (lireetion ot' travel ol the vn lve, en (nlviuetnlnle supplementau1 return- Velve cooperating' with szxill mein inlet-Valve lo control smid return-porte and having oon liqne porte corresponding'to seid return-porte, one or more (lelivery-ports, :unl one or more (,lelirery-rztlree eoutrollii'lg' the hitter, :intl the inlet-wil e ol" the pump for supplyime' the eoinl,` vil le ne being :so arranged :it the l)e gmini@l ol tln, nressurie-stroke, while the engine is; under full loz'ul, ee to allow a portion olY tho eoi'nlnistible que to return through the inlet port or porte, whil(l the pump for eupplying the rineiingegnery is supplying' rineingto the cylinder of the enwine; and ineens for :tutometiefilliv adjusting ,s the loud den ereuees, the Supplementary return valves; transversely with regard to the line of travel et' the meiin Slide-\':tlvee, so that during' the initial period et' the Mesem-@stroke or' the pump supplying the rinsing-ges, e return oli' the rinsing-gas through the inlet port or ports and the oblique return-ports in the main valve and the corresponding' ports in the eupplemen' tary valve takes place, and so that the initial period of the pressure-stroke ofthe pu m p supplying the Combustible during which the Combustible gee returns tlu'ough the inlet port or ports of the puu'njnis prelongethiu order that at ell londe opproximately the sinne rinieingf Charge may' be supplied to the cylinder before ,port or porte ol szxitl pump trikes pl'fiee, nml eo eonihnetihle glie the eoinlnistihle ehmg'enl essentiell;r ne :nl l lnr the purpose Stated.

l5. ln eninternuil--eomlmetifm engine leaving i two-stroke cycle, the eoinliiimtion of e cylinder; e pieton working therein; e eoinpreesioirpiunp Afor snipplyinurinsingp'ee'to eeilfl eylintler: e een]pression-pump for Supplying' eomhuetihle gne to seid Cylinder; @zich of Said pumps hziringe pump-eylintler, e pieton working therein. one or more inlet-portss., ai main inlet slide-valve 9 Containing' oblique returnn ports lll en adjustable supplementzu'y return mire 'll having' oblique porte cltrreeponch im; to the porte l0, hotli ot' tlieee mh lie-- ine'oyli ritlrieel sind 'the valve/11 being* errengfelfl Within the vnlve l() unil cooperating' with eeiil Valve te Control the return-porte ll) one or more llelirerpporte 212, and one er more de-y rl'turirports fue li row-Valves: S25 eonlrolllnpj the letter :unl he inlet-reihe olI the pump l'or supplyii 'the eene hufstihle being' eo arranged el, the beginm niugot' the preesurei-stroke, while the engine is under full loml, :te to allow :i portion of the ooinbuetihle ges to return th rough the inlet port or porte, while the pump for supplying 7 the rinsing'gne is Supplying rinsing-gaie to the eylinder ol" the engine; enti ineen` l'or entomatie: lly turningthe vulve l1 within the vulve il, so that, all theI vleed deereeeee, (lux-ine; the initiil period Iof the 'pressure-Stroke ot' the pump supplying the rinsiu gne, :i relurn oli` the rineii'ig-gzie through the inlet port or porte and the porte 10 in the valve El und the ports l2 in the valve l* telree platee., end :'so that the initial perioil of the preeeureestrole of the pump Supplying the eoinljuetihle during" 'which the combustible gue returne` through the inlet port or ports of the pump, ir; pro longed, in order that et ull load-e approxi mately the sinne rinsing;` eherge may he supplied to the cylinder before the eombusuble ehm-ge, essentially es and for the purpose.

stated.

ln testimony whereof ll have hereunto set my hand in presenee of two subscribing Witnesses.

ARNOLD WLLTVCR. lVitnesses:

H. .lSIALL HAL@ Leontine leisen. 

